The Science Of Science And The Conceptual Understanding

Learning the History of science has an authentic significant to provide an obvious understanding for learners since that will lead them to visualize the progression of science from A to Z. According to Richard K Moran and Page Keeley in their book â€Å" Teaching For Conceptual Understanding in Science,† theories, hypotheses, and interpretations those were created by distinguished ancient scientists throughout the previous centuries must be included side by side with the modern science. Chapter two of the book points out to several advantages for teaching the history of science in schools. In addition, it provides a number of examples for successful scientists whose ideas have been respected and reliable for many years. The authors also indicate the religion and how it was affected science before indicating modern science which was started by scientific revolution and the alterations occurred in the conceptual ideas. On the other hand, chapter three of Moran and Keeley’ s book addresses the relationship between the nature of science and the conceptual understanding. It is mentioned to three areas in the nature of science that are significant for sophisticating science literacy and provides several valid definitions for the nature of science. Likewise, the authors presents the importance of questions and creating the prepared mind in order to advance learners’ abilities. In the initial section of chapter two, the authors shed light on the genuine importanceShow MoreRelatedHistory Of Science And Conceptual Understanding919 Words   |  4 PagesHistory of science and conceptual understanding According to Richard K Moran, and Page K, in â€Å" Teaching for Conceptual Understanding in Science†, Studying history of science is important because it enable students understand the development of thought, and generalization would be empty without concrete examples. In addition, One important concern for shutting history of science out of the undergraduate science curriculum was an anxiety expressed about the history of science that the historyRead MoreTeaching For Conceptual Understanding Of Science By ( Konicek Moran And Keeley, 2015 )769 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst chapter of the book â€Å" Teaching For Conceptual Understanding in Science† by (Konicek-Moran and Keeley , 2015), authors’ focus is in on identifying the conceptual understanding accurately by providing adequate explanations, comparisons and examples. juxtaposing studying for conceptual understanding with the old direct instruction in order to manifest the authentic usefulness of ap plying scientific strategies depends on using the conceptual understanding. Thereafter, the book indicate to the realRead MoreTeaching For Conceptual Understanding Of Science, By Richard Konicek- Moran And Keeley785 Words   |  4 Pages Reading through chapter four of the book â€Å"Teaching For Conceptual Understanding in Science,† by Richard Konicek- Moran and Keeley, allowed me to enrich my knowledge base about the extent of capabilities that children have and the distinguished ideas that have been created and majored by researchers in the course of the current century in order to provide students with the opportunity to sophisticate and reinforce their understanding of the scientific essentials. Likewise, the authors point toRead MoreEffect Teaching Method for Calculus1117 Words   |  4 Pagesnot directly translate to them being experts in the assessment of various teaching practices. Science education literature has dozens of studies that quantitatively compare student learning in traditional classrooms to learning in classrooms that employ interactive teaching methods. The bulk of this research indicates that students taught interactively have considerably better conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills than students taught with lecture (Hake 1998)(C. H. Crouch and MazurRead MoreIs Conceptual Critiques Relevant for Psychology?1472 Words   |  6 PagesWe shall consider Skinner’s Operant Conditioning theory as another type of example on Conceptual Critiques (Skinner, 1963). His theory states that the best way to understand a behavior is to look at the association made between the behavior and the consequence of that behavior. Although Skinner’s primary interest was in human behavior, most of his research was done on animals using laboratory apparatus well known as the Skinner box. Hence, in his experiment, Skinner placed rats in the Skinner boxRead MoreThe Professional Education Unit ( Peu )893 Words   |  4 PagesDepartment of Education approved program of study areas. The unit programs of study are: Biology Education, Chemistry/Chemistry Education, Early Childhood Education, Elementary Education, English Language Arts Education, General Science Education, History/Social Science Education, Mathematics/Mathematics Education, Music/Music Education (Choral), and Music/Music Education (Instrumental). The assessment data included in the unit’s self-study states that candidates preparing to work in schools, knowRead MoreThe Assessment Data Of The Miles College Self Study777 Words   |  4 PagesDepartment of Education approved program of study areas. The unit programs of study are: Biology Education, Chemistry/Chemistry Education, Early Childhood Education, Elementary Education, English Language Arts Education, General Science Education, History/Social Sc ience Education, Mathematics/Mathematics Education, Music/Music Education (Choral), and Music/Music Education (Instrumental). Nine of the ten programs of studies that are approved as Class B programs by the Alabama State Board of EducationRead MoreAssignment 1767 Words   |  4 Pagesactivity. My connection was recently I was helping my father put on a new serpentine belt on the car. My father was under the car and I was standing over the car hood. My father told me to pull the serpentine belt towards me. From my previous understanding the two words of towards and me meant towards my body. However, as I did this my father continuously insists I bring the belt towards me. This ultimately led to my father and me not making any progress towards putting on the serpentine belt. WhatRead MoreThree Specific Ways, in Which the Nursing Conceptual Model of, Martha Rogers Can Be Used to Improve Nursing Practice.1074 Words   |  5 PagesIn Which the Nursing Conceptual Model of, Martha Rogers can be used to Improve Nursing Practice. Lilian Iberosi Grand Canyon University Three Specific Ways, in which the Nursing Conceptual Model of, Martha Rogers can be used to Improve Nursing. Martha E. Rogers’ nursing theory of â€Å"Science of Unitary Human Being† consists of eight concepts namely: energy field, openness, pattern, pan-dimensionality, homeodynamic principles, resonance, helicy, and integrality. Understanding these concepts is theRead MoreThe Impact Of Teacher Professional Development Essay859 Words   |  4 PagesRationale for the Research Robinson, Dailey, Hughes, and Cotabish (2014) sought to discover the impact of teacher professional development, as well as, a problem-based curriculum on gifted, elementary student’s science achievement. The study compared two groups of students in grades second through fifth by placing them into a treatment group versus a comparison group. Over the course of a two-year period, STEM starters provided 120 hours of professional development to teachers in a problem-based

Essay about The Women’s Movement and Female Writers

The role of women writers and women in society has changed drastically over the last two centuries. The women’s movement and female writers have worked hand in hand to pursue equality for women and to move their issues to the forefront of the nation. Writers such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Sarah Moore Grimkà ©, Angelina Grimkà © Weld, Harriet Jacobs, and Sojourner Truth help bring to light the sensitive problems that need to be addressed in the women’s rights movement. Angelina Grimkà © Weld, in her Appeal to the Christian Women of the South, says, It is through the tongue, the pen, and the press, that truth is principally propogated (1948). Weld is well aware of the power and influence that the writer has over her audience. The female†¦show more content†¦Stanton writes her Declaration as a response to the inequality in the Declaration of Independence. Her Declaration contains wording such as, all men and women are created equal (Stanton 2035). She continue s in the Declaration to list the rights that have been denied women by men. Stanton’s purpose is to make both men and women realize the injustices that are being done to women as humans. In addition to her writing, Stanton brings the women’s rights issue to light with a Woman’s Rights Convention. Stanton’s convention draws negative attention from male writers across the country, All the journals from Maine to Texas seemed to strive with each other to see which could make our movement appear the most ridiculous (Stanton 2034). This proves that as Stanton was working to bring women’s rights to the forefront, men were working just as hard to tear down the movement. Unfortunately at this point in time, male writers were predominant and could voice their opinions with more acceptance than women. Men were not the only gender that opposed the women’s movement. Woman were also opposed to the movement. Angelina Grimkà © Weld and her sister Sarah Moore Grimkà ©, were major publicists on behalf of the women’s rights and anti-slavery (Lauter 1945). The sisters were opposed by Catherine Beecher, an educator. Beecher attacked them by arguing that women should restrict themselves to the domestic sphereShow MoreRelatedFeminism And Women s Suffrage Essay1360 Words   |  6 Pagesideology committed to women’s emancipation on the other. The feminist movement can be see mainly in 3 stages in the UK. It can be argued that feminism had its day due to lack of momentum behind a third and fourth stage of its movement resulting in a decline of feminism in this generation. In this essay, I will be focusing more attention on the first and second waves of feminism compared to third stage of feminism. The first wave of feminism in the UK was linked to women’s suffrage. Due to the maleRead MoreWomen Writers: Restoration and 18th Century1392 Words   |  6 PagesWomen Writers: Restoration and 18th Century Ballaster, Ros, Seductive Forms: Women’s Amatory Fiction from 1684–1740, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992,; New York: Oxford University Press, 1992, Landry, Donna, The Muses of Resistance: Laboring-Class Women’s Poetry in Britain 1739–1796, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990 Myers, Sylvia Harcstark, The Bluestocking Circle: Friendship and the Life of the Mind in Eighteenth-Century England, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990; New York: OxfordRead More Feminist Perspective on Eighteenth Century Literature Essay1171 Words   |  5 Pagespolitical opinions through literature itself. Although feminist texts existed before the end of the century, women writers in the final decade were seen as more threatening to the dominant patriarchal system. Following the overthrow of the government in France, women in Britain believed that a revolution in sentiments, manners, and moral opinions was possible in their own country (5). Writers such as Mary Wollstonecraft reacted to the conservative patriarchal society by [drawing] parallels between theRead MoreLeo Haines. Professor Capozzi. Research Paper. April 29,1518 Words   |  7 Pagesstories her characters are bilingual, also known as fluent in two languages. Kate Chopin using the theme of feminism in her stories, â€Å" The Awakening†, â€Å"The Storm†, and â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† where she illustrates the use of the feminist movement and where she describes women’s sexualaity in her writings. During Kate Chopin’s time, feminism was not much different than it is today. Most feminists wanted the same thing, which is basic equality, but Kate was often ridiculed for her opinion that all womenRead More Womens Position in Society in Virginia Woolfs A Room of Ones Own1387 Words   |  6 PagesWomens Position in Society in Virginia Woolfs A Room of Ones Own The passage at the end of the Third Chapter in A Room of One’s Own by Virginia Woolf deals with two major themes of this essay. The first being the ways in which women were kept down and made inferior to men, and the second being how this affected women’s writing. Woolf asserts that women were made inferior as a direct result of men’s perceived superiority. This assertment provides a new way of thinking about women’s lowerRead MoreWomen s Rights Throughout History1539 Words   |  7 PagesWomen’s Rights throughout History Today and throughout history, women have had to face a vast amount of discrimination towards themselves in politics, the workplace, and in the effort to receive a better education. Within the past decades, women have been discriminated against in many different aspects and have struggled throughout their day-to-day lives. However, many people have also taken significant action in standing up for the female population and working to improve their lives. Many individualsRead MoreBell Hooks And The Feminist Movement872 Words   |  4 Pagescollege, Bell Hooks was exposed to the women’s liberation movement; a feminist movement from the 1970’s that fought for issues that affected women. This movement gave her an outlet to express her ideas about feminism. Bell Hooks fought for women’s rights through literature and created a more inclusive feminist movement by exploring how race and class factor into women’s oppression. Bell Hooks is part of the feminist movement but did not feel that the movement represented the levels of oppression thatRead MoreFeminist Theory1248 Words   |  5 Pageseconomic movements aimed at establishing greater rights, legal protection for women, and or womens liberation. It includes some of the sociological theories and philosophies concerned with issues of gender difference. Nancy Cott defines feminism as the belief in the importance of gender equality, invalidating the idea of gender hierarchy as a socially constructed concept. Feminism has earned itself a bad reputation, but it never undermined gender differences that exist between males and females. ARead More Intellectual Women Work Through the Theories of the Talented Tenth1456 Words   |  6 Pagescrucial component to the work of contemporary intellectuals. Thus these intellectuals may be seen as intersecting and furthering the work of earlier female intellectuals, while broadening the scope of the Talented Tenth. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to do a comparison of the female intellectuals during reconstruction with contemporary female intellectuals. In this way, we will look at the work of Anna Julia Cooper specifically, and how this work intersects with the theory of the TalentedRead MoreNorth And South By Elizabeth Gaskell Essay978 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidered as the significant piece of Victorian literature, written by Elizabeth Gaskell. Elizabeth Gaskell was a novelist and short story writer. Her stories usually have a contemporary attitude she emphasized more on the women’s role, complex and realistic female characters. North and south is considered as her best known work .It features a strong lead female ,a mature love story and relevant social and political explanation about industrialization and class conflict present in mid-19th century

Billiton Analysis free essay sample

Sydney Morning Herald, 24 August, viewed 1 September 2012, Summary Ker and Manning’s (2012) article discusses the implications faced by BHP Billiton, as a result of the Australian carbon and mining taxes which has caused foreign investors to substantially decrease their investment into the Australian coal industry, that has resulted in the delay of the expansion of Olympic Dam mine. This article reflects the political and regulatory influences that occur in the business environment and how companies must respond to changes in rules and regulations enacted by the government even if there are repercussions. Application of Concepts This article contains concepts relating to political/regulatory factors. ‘Evaluating a companies exposure to risky political events and assessing their impact should be key components of any company’s strategy’ (PwC 2006). This process is vital because political risk must be avoided as it affects the profitability of a business (Robson 2012a). With BHP Billiton, the federal opposition is blaming the carbon and mining tax for the delay in the expansion which has made Australia less competitive in the international market (Milman 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Billiton Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Thermal coal prices have declined due to shareholders demand for higher returns (Ker and Manning 2012), this exemplifies the impact political factors can have on a business, as it has decreased profits for BHP Billiton (Fitzgerald and White 2012). Globalisation has also led to greater political risk exposure (PwC 2006). Exchange rate fluctuations especially for the Australian dollar, South African Rand and US dollar have a significant impact on BHP Billiton (BHP Billiton 2011), which is said to be another cause for the delay in the expansion, as the strong dollar is making Australia less competitive (Kloppers 2012) and combined with the news taxes, ‘turning Australia into a high cost environment’ (Bolt 2012). CSR is essential for a business to succeed as it improves the image of a brand and ‘it is in the business’s long-term self-interest’ (Carroll and Shabana 2010). BHP Billiton is a pioneer in Corporate Social Responsibility (Hodge 2012). BHP Billiton continuously invests more in CSR compared to other mining companies (Gaete 2009). BHP has community programs across the globe and has also created various foundations helping local communities such as the Montelibano Educational Foundation in Colombia (Blowfield 2011). For BHP Billiton, CSR is a critical part of maximizing shareholder returns (Goodyear 2006). Therefore it is CSR embedded. Analysis BHP Billiton strategy to delay its project was essential since their funds were limited, as taxes constrain the activities of a business (Robson 2012b) through high operating costs associated with the mining tax and also ‘due to the concerns surrounding the stability of the Eurozone and decline in economic activity’ (Coopes 2012). However, with the introduction of this government tax policy, BHP Billiton action to delay their expansion project has come with much criticism, as it has resulted in a number of job losses (Stewart 2012). It has affected South Australia substantially and is a major disappointment for the nation as a whole, stated by Iggulden (2012). This shows that ‘political developments have significant implications for the real economy’ (Caliskan and Koksal 2011). Nevertheless, BHP Billiton cannot be blamed in their response since it is not the only mining company to respond to the government tax policy this way. As stated by Stewart (2012), ‘Major mining companies around the world are revisiting their investment plans and refocusing on cutting costs. Hence, BHP Billiton responded to the political/ regulatory influences on their businesses in the most effective and efficient manner, as it was necessary and therefore adapting to the changes in the business environment.

Macroeconomic Indicators in India and United Kingdom

Question: A major multinational corporation has appointed you as an economic advisor. You are requested to compile a report regarding the macroeconomic environment in two countriesIndia and United Kingdom where the firm operates and explain how it might affect the companys economic activity. Answers: Introduction www.samsung.co.uk (2015) reveals that Samsung Electronics is one of the biggest multi-billion dollar companies on the planet. In 2007 it surpassed the $100bn check in yearly sales without precedent for its history. This makes it one of the world's main three organizations in the industry for electronics where just two different organizations, Siemens and Hewlett-Packard, have posted bigger incomes. The name Samsung truly signifies Tristar or three stars in Korean, mirroring the Samsung Group's predominance in two further divisions: Samsung Engineering and Construction and Samsung Heavy industries. In the event that one talks about the development in Samsung, it has presently been the pioneer in the industry for electronics, giving a scope of leading edge premium products and, in their own particular words, pioneering the digital convergence revolution. In this manner Samsung has made an amazing change from being a copycat maker to turn into Asia's most profitable technological organi zation. Macroeconomic Indicators in India Krueger (2002) describes that the following are the main indicators of Indian macroeconomic demonstrates the period during 1999 to 2013: Inflation the greatest risk to the economy of Indian and in general for the Samsung Electronics. A diligently high inflation hampers the demand for consumers and influences the profitability. In the long run, it influences the monetary development and additionally the value of the cash. In India, inflation has stayed hoisted for quite a while. Ghate (2012) describes that the constrained the Reserve Bank of India to keep premium rates on the higher side. This inflation focusing on has figured out how to marginally ease the inflation. Headline retail inflation measured by the consumer price index CPI tumbled to 7.3% in 2014. This was fundamentally in light of the fact that easiness in the food inflation. Gross Domestic Product: It was on the lowest ever 3.99 % in the fiscal year of 2002 2003, and was on the highest 9.57% during 2006 2007 fiscal year . The World Bank anticipates India's GDP to grow to 7.5% in the current fiscal year because of expanded financial movement and more noteworthy stability. India's economic development is relied upon to ascend to 7.5% in 2015-16, trailed by further speeding up to 7.9 percent in 2016-17 and 8% in 2017-18. Reserve Bank of India (2014) reveals that Consumption by Demand was at its lowest in 2002 2003 at the percentage of 2.3 while it was at the highest level of 9.3 percent in 2007 2008. The WPI i.e. Wholesale price index, it is a measure of expansion on the supply side, likewise facilitated to a four-month low of 5.43%. This comes as uplifting news, particularly at once the economy hints at improvements. High rates of interest are awful for monetary development. It expands the borrowing cost. This affects corporate profitability and moderates the economic development. The business sector by and large cheers the cut in interest rates.. In any case, quick development is found to conditio nal on the development rate of speculation grabbing to 11% amid Fiscal Year 16 to Fiscal year 18. Farrier (2004) reveals that Foreign Direct Investment, India's legislature has started to execute changes to open the nation's venture potential to enhance the business environment, liberalize FDI, support both private and public investment, rapidly resolve corporate dispute, and streamline tariff and lower corporate taxes. Trade Deficit Balance was recorded on its highest in 2003 - 2004 at the percentage of 14.1 while very surprising it is at its lowest during the fiscal year of 2013 2014 in the percentage of -88.2. Macroeconomic Indicators in United Kingdom Anon (2014) Growth Rate of United Kingdom was higher in 2013 with the percentage of 1.8% rather compared with 0.3% in 2012 but the lesser of the percentage of 2.5 in the fiscal year of 2014. Most of the part of growth rate have been consisted on the demand of household, it leads a boost in the account deficit. On the other hand, in the fiscal year of 2013 contribution of domestic demand was 1.6 pps. There is a declining share contribution of the export market, but from recent period this decline has fallen. This decline may demonstrate the global economic crises, which results decline in exports. In 2008 -2009 the solid depreciation in Pounds sterling was the major cause to respond exports in negative trends.Schmidt, Schomann and Tessaring (2003) speculate that depreciation in sterling has a negative effect on export growth, and percentage of exports has been subdued. Most famous SMEs of British economy was playing a major role in structural challenges and constrained access of finan ce for these SMEs. Consolidation of Economy is in progress to mitigate the level of government debt which is almost 40 percent of GDP, during the international financial crises in 2008 2009 but in 2012 -2013 it was suddenly increased and reached up to 90% of GDP. Budget deficit, which was lesser than 3% of GDP during the year of 2007 -2008 but heavily increased in 2012 -2013 up to 11.4 percent at its highest. As government indebtedness declining, there is hope in the decrease in deficit budgeting in the United Kingdom, which is currently facing the Deficit Procedure on its excessive. Private Non Financial Corporations balance sheets are still strong and thus considers that PNFC is the main lender compared with the rest of the economy. Household Sector, Ong (2014) describs that which comparatively going to decline from highest values but still not below the risk indicator level. As a reflection of the level of confidence, house demands have been on its increasing trend, while on the other side the supply side of new properties are not considerably on a rising trend. This is leading to increase in house prices, and the figures of ending 2013 prices of housing were increased by 5.4 percent. Inflation was on its way back to decline from ending 2011, at that time it was at peak of 5.2%. While on October 2012 it was at 2.7 percent it swiftly reduced up to 1.9 percent in early 2014. This recent negativity may be the cause of falling oil prices in Gulf specific and in the rest of the world generally. Inflation rate (which is the most important for of Samsung Project) will expected around 2% (targeted ratio) by the Bank of England. Rate of unemployment, which was at its highest in 2011 at the rate of 8.4% was declined in the year of 2013 by 7.2%. This was happening due to the worst crises in the private sector. Public sector rate of employment has been dropped by 10.6%. Rate of Unemployment in youth was 21% in 2012, it is also indicated that 1/3 of youth was unemploye d almost for one year, while on the other hand the long term youth unemployment has been increased in the last decade and 2.7 % recorded in 2012. Overall Fiscal Consolidation is strengthened from 2010 all this was a result of a fall in the deficit of the budget up to 5.2% in 2012 2013 in Gross Domestic Product. Gross Government Debts are on the way to increase and was 88.1 % in 2013 of total GDP. Debt of Private Sector has been its highest in 2009 at the rate of 195% of Gross Domestic Product. While on the other hand household and corporate debts are also on the way to increase up to 2009. Saving of household was going on high indication in 2012 but again on declining mode in 2013. Net Export was not on growth indicator and have a contribution up to 0.1 pp to grow. While discussing about the direction of exports, so that in 2012 the largest export destination was the United States of America, having 13.7 of total export while export to China was only 3.5 percent of total exports. C apital Shortfall of building societies and banking sector in 2013 was eradicated by a special regulation Prudential Regulalation Authority in 2013 with the core help of the Bank of England. Both PRA and Bank of England prepared a framework called Stress Testing Framework, which basic cause was to achieve the assessment of resilience of United Kingdom Banking System regarding housing societies assortment. Analysis of Market Structure Spilsbury (2012) describes that there is no doubt in accepting it that any multinational company may leave a lot of effect in the host countrys economy and the likewise host country market also have may impact on the guest multinational company. The globalization of economies is reducing the distance in between social economics and cultures. The foreign export represented one third in 2011 in the total worlds export and other value added may demonstrate more than ten percent of total world gross domestic product. Through globalization, if we go further in depth, all the international production indicators are gradually increasing their rates. It all lead a new scenario that any multinational company may leave multiple kind of effects on the hosting countries such as in the field of technology, economic growth, creation of jobs, balance of payments and on various business performance. In the next lines we show the impacts of Samsung on the economies of India and United Kingdom. Elliot t and Atkinson (2012) posit in the view that one major impact, which may bear the host economic market, is increasing in the competition. One positive effect on the host countrys economy is that competitive activities may boost up in the local competitors. If we specifically discuss Samsaung in the market of India the local companies, similar business activities like Samsung, may smell a huge competition. Local companies like Havell (manufacturer of electronic goods and accessories in India) need to re-plan the local market otherwise strong wind of Foreign Direct Investment may kick them out from the market. This kind of activities may demonstrate a dual effect, positive as one side the host market fee the competition and there may be positivity in the market, while on the other hand emergence of FDI may create some negativity in different ways. Rodrick (2011) reveals that giving the exact answer while analyzing about the major determinants of a market structure is very complicated because many things are dependable which this analysis. Control of input resources, regulation and laws of host government, economy scales and technological advancement. The choice of the consumer is also playing a major role in the determination of the structure of the market, following are the vital categories of those determinants as below: a) Entry and exit in host economy is first detrminent, what rules and regulation have the host economy and under what laws there may possible to enter or exit, is very important. b) Product nature is second and also have an important role, if the products are homogenous (means identical) or there may some difference with the host market, and also to maintain the globalization impact there must be some divergence in those products which may the guest company want to launch. c) Supply and demand control, one other vital role is the proper control over the supply and chain management d) how local government has control over prices is our next poi nt, in some developing countries, there have some problems about fake shortage or weak control of government over price mechanism, this point need to be discussed and explored widely. e) What are the barriers and constraints to enter for local market such as India or United Kingdom market, there may some difference, but most the points, as an economic point of view not politicians, are almost same. Market Structure, Perfect Competition and Guest Company Samsung Sheetz-Runkle (2014) believes that in this structure of perfect competition there may be free entry and exit to any market, (local laws are may apply). In perfect competition the products are homogenous and there may not any consumer preference. While studying the perfect competition the number of buyers and seller are assumed as larger and there is no individual may influence the price. This market structure is relatively similar to Indian Stock Market, Bond Markets but not the struggling market of the United Kingdom, as recently all the Europe faced a worst economic crisis, when Bank of Lehman has been bankrupted in 2007. There may lot more benefits of this perfect competition that prices = marginal costs, firm need maximum efficiency and due to high grade competition, every company may need to allocate their resources properly. OHara (2002) describes that in Perfect Competiion there may includes new idea and there is also an opportunity that other firms are also want to enter into the industry with the core cause of taking the advantages of abnormal profit. In the long run point of view, there may normal profits and it also takes care of the consumer. Market Structure and Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly In this market, there may different products and the number of buyers and seller are many. Enter y to this market may also free, and firms have control over prices, such as food chains of England and India, but mostly in England, building firms, small units or groups of plumbers and professions. Brakman and Heijdra (2004) explain that in oligopoly structure, there are food chains, supermarkets, oil products and broadcasting so it's much similar to England market rather than Indian markets. Industry may be divided into large firms (like supermarket chains) or a small number, secondly, there are many barriers to entry and have no price competitions. In the most cases the prices are may linked with demand curve and there may chances of abnormal profits under this kind of market. Monetary Facts of Indian and British Market Policies Indian Market British Market Projected GDP Rate 6.0% up to 2017 2.3 % up to 2017 Inflation Rate 1.7% up to 2016 5.2% up to 2016 Whole Sale Price Index (projected) 4.4% up to 2015 Feb 117 up to 2015 Feb Fiscal Deficit 4.1 % of GDP in 2014 6.6% of GDP in 2014 (lowest since crises year of 2007-08) Outlook Indian market is demonstrating on the smooth and recovery path, and enhancement in industrial sector shows the confidence level of the corporate sector on government policies. Both domestic and external demand increasing gradually. After 2007-08 crises period now UK market is showing some progress trends. Government takes some major steps in the industry along with in the SME sector and many reforms are in the pipeline also. Demand curve may on the rising position at current era. References Anon, (2014). [online] Available at: https://www.bankofengland.co.uk [Accessed 4 May 2015]. Brakman, S. and Heijdra, B. (2004). The monopolistic competition revolution in retrospect. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Consumption in India now a days. (2014). [online] Available at: https://Reserve Bank of India [Accessed 4 May 2015]. Elliott, L. and Atkinson, D. (2012). Going south. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Farrier, J. (2004). Passing the buck. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. Ghate, C. (2012). The Oxford handbook of the Indian economy. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Krueger, A. (2002). Economic policy reforms and the Indian economy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. O'Hara, T. (2002). The economy. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers. Ong, L. (2014). A Guide to IMF Stress Testing. Washington: International Monetary Fund. Rodrik, D. (2011). The globalization paradox. New York: W. W. Norton Co. Samsung Electronics America, (2015). Electronics Appliances: Tablets, Laptops, Phones, TVs | Samsung US. [online] Available at: https://www.samsung.com [Accessed 4 May 2015]. Schmidt, S., Schomann, K. and Tessaring, M. (2003). Early identification of skill needs in Europe. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Sheetz-Runkle, B. (2014). The Art of War for Small Business. New York: AMACOM. Spilsbury, R. (2012). Global economy. Chicago, Ill.: Heinemann Library.

A Letter to Seamus Heaney Commenting on His Poetry Essay Essays

A Letter to Seamus Heaney Commenting on His Poetry Essay Essays A Letter to Seamus Heaney Commenting on His Poetry Essay Essay A Letter to Seamus Heaney Commenting on His Poetry Essay Essay Essay Topic: Poes Poetry Coimisiun na Scruduithe Stait State Examinations Commission LEAVING CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION. 2005 English – Higher Level – Paper 2Entire Marks: 200Wednesday. 8 June – Afternoon. 1. 30 – 4. 50 Campaigners must try the followers: ONE inquiry from Section I – The Single Text ONE inquiry from SECTION II – The Comparative Study ONE inquiry on the Unseen Poem from SECTION III – Poetry ONE inquiry on Prescribed Poetry from SECTION III – Poetry N. B. Campaigners must reply on Shakespearian Drama. They may make so in SECTION I. The Single Text ( Hamlet. As You Like It ) or in SECTION II. The Comparative Study ( Hamlet. As You Like It ) Index OF SINGLE TEXTSWuthering Heights Silas Marner Amongst Women Hamlet As You Like It ? Page 2 ? Page 2 ? Page 2 ? Page 3 ? Page 3 Page 1 of 8 Section I THE SINGLE TEXT ( 60 Markss )Campaigners must reply one inquiry from this subdivision ( A – E ) . A WUTHERING HEIGHTS – Emily Bronte ( I ) â€Å"Heathcliff deserves the understanding of the reader of Wuthering Heights. † Write a response to this statement. back uping your positions by mention to the text. OR ( two ) â€Å"The fresh Wuthering Heights portrays a clang between two universes represented by Wuthering Highs and Thrushcross Grange. † Discuss this position of the novel. back uping your reply by mention to the text. Bacillus SILAS MARNER – George Eliot ( I ) â€Å"The narrative of Silas Marner has the thaumaturgy of a fairy-tale. which leaves the reader feeling good about people. † Write a response to this position of the novel. back uping your reply by mention to the text. OR ( two ) â€Å"Godfrey Cass is non perfect. but. in the eyes of the reader. he is ever a better adult male than his brother. Dunsey. † Write your response to this statement. back uping it by mention to the text. C AMONGST WOMEN – John McGahern ( I ) â€Å"Michael Moran doubtless loves his boies. but his love contributes little to their felicity. † Discuss this position of the relationship between Michael Moran and his boies. Support your reply by mention to the text. OR ( two ) â€Å"Unlike the work forces. the adult females in Amongst Women support each other really good. † Discuss this statement restricting your attending to the female characters in the novel. Support your reply by mention to the text. Page 2 of 8 Calciferol HAMLET – William Shakespeare ( I ) In your sentiment. what is the entreaty of the drama. Hamlet. for a 21st century audience? Support the points you make by mention to the text. OR ( two ) â€Å"We admire Hamlet as much for his failings as for his strengths. † Write a response to this position of the character of Hamlet. back uping your points by mention to the text. Tocopherol AS YOU LIKE IT – William Shakespeare ( I ) â€Å"Rosalind’s attitudes and qualities make her a really attractive character. † Do you hold with the above position? Support your reply by mention to the drama. OR ( two ) â€Å"The drama. As You Like It. presents many chances for dramatic public presentation. † Write your response to the above statement. back uping it by mention to the drama. Page 3 of 8 SECTION II THE COMPARATIVE STUDY ( 70 Markss )Campaigners must reply one inquiry from either A – The General Vision and Viewpoint or B – Literary Genre. In your reply you may non utilize the text you have answered on in SECTION I – The Single Text. N. B. The inquiries use the word text to mention to all the different sorts of texts available for survey on this class. i. e. novel. drama. short narrative. autobiography. life. travel authorship. and movie. The inquiries use the word writer to mention to novelists. dramatists. authors in all genres. and film-directors. A 1. THE GENERAL VISION AND VIEWPOINT â€Å"Each text we read nowadayss us with an mentality on life that may be bright or dark. or a combination of brightness and darkness. † In the visible radiation of the above statement. compare the general vision and point of view in at least two texts you have studied in your comparative class. ( 70 ) Oregon 2. ( a ) With mention to one of the texts you have studied in your comparative class. compose a note on the general vision and point of view in the text and on how it is communicated to the reader. ( 30 ) Compare the general vision and point of view in two other texts on your comparative class. Support the comparings you make by mention to the texts. ( 40 ) ( B ) Page 4 of 8 B 1. LITERARY GENRE Write a talk to be given to Leaving Certificate pupils in which you explain the term Literary Genre and demo them how to compare the relation of narratives in at least two texts from the comparative class. ( 70 ) Oregon 2. â€Å"Powerful images and incidents are characteristics of all good story-telling. † ( a ) ( B ) Show how this statement applies to one of the texts on your comparative class. ( 30 ) Compare the manner in which powerful images and incidents are characteristics of the story-telling in two other texts on your comparative class. Support the comparings you make by mention to the texts. ( 40 ) Page 5 of 8 Section III POETRY ( 70 Markss )Campaigners must reply A – Unseen Poem and B – Prescribed Poetry. A Unobserved POEM ( 20 Markss ) Answer either Question 1 or Question 2.Back YARD Shine on. O Moon of summer. Radiance to the foliages of grass. Indian bean and oak. All silver under your rain tonight. An Italian male child is directing vocals to you tonight from an squeeze box. A Polish male child is out with his best miss ; they marry following month ; tonight they are throwing you busss. An old adult male following door is woolgathering over a sheen that sits in a cherry tree in his back pace. The redstem storksbills say I must travel – I stay here sitting on the back porch imbibing white ideas you rain down. Reflect on. O Moon. Shake out more and more Ag alterations. Carl Sandburg 1. ( a ) Do you like the universe that the poet describes in this verse form? Give grounds for your reply back uping them by mention to the text. ( 10 ) Choose a line or two that you find peculiarly appealing and explain why. ( 10 ) ( B ) OR 2. Write a personal response to the verse form ‘Back Yard’ . ( 20 ) Page 6 of 8 Bacillus PRESCRIBED POETRY ( 50 Markss ) Campaigners must reply one of the undermentioned inquiries ( 1 – 4 ) . 1. â€Å"The entreaty of Eavan Boland’s poesy. † Using the above rubric. compose an essay sketching what you consider to be the entreaty of Boland’s poesy. Support your points by mention to the poesy of Eavan Boland on your class. 2. What impact did the poesy of Emily Dickinson make on you as a reader? Your reply should cover with the followers: – Your overall sense of the personality of the poet – The poet’s usage of language/imagery Refer to the verse forms by Emily Dickinson that you have studied. 3. Write about the feelings that T. S. Eliot’s poesy creates in you and the facets of his poesy ( content and/or manner ) that help to make those feelings. Support your points by mention to the poesy by T. S. Eliot that you have read. Write an article for a school magazine presenting the poesy of W. B. Yeats to Leaving Certificate pupils. State them what he wrote approximately and explicate what you liked in his authorship. proposing some verse forms that you think they would bask reading. Support your points by mention to the poesy by W. B. Yeats that you have studied. 4.

Master Essay

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Recreate class room Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Recreate class room - Essay Example Teachers should design classrooms so that all children have an equal chance for learning and an opportunity to be safe. In order to construct a classroom as described, teachers must think about their classrooms and about the different types of children that are present each year, and design a classroom that fits this group. Moore et al. (2010) suggest that in order for teachers to be able to work well with all students, they will also need to have tools to help them. A positive classroom environment also encourages students to interact with each other, ask questions, and be open to learning. Sapon-Shevin (2008) states that inclusion means not only including disabled students, but also providing space for different students so that they all feel valued and accepted. This research will examine the factors that are involved in recreating a classroom for students with many differences. Teachers must also be able to create a class where different cultures are respected and where different types of children are included. As examples, there may be Muslim families, Hispanic families, children from same-sex families and others who will be learning together in one space. The teacher’s job is to make sure that all these children are able to work collaboratively together in the same classroom. 5.1 Teachers Treat All Students Fairly and Establish an Environment that is Respectful, Supportive, and Caring An important aspect of treating students fairly is to use inclusive language. Inclusive language means that the teacher will use words that help the student understand that he or she is an important aspect of the class. Causton-Theoharis and Theoharis suggest that one way to do this is to make sure that special education students and disabled students are able to stay within a regular classroom. This means that they are not put into separate classrooms or separated from the other children. Also, students are treated well by the full school community and the district. This allows students to feel comfortable in the classroom and feel comfortable that the teachers and other staff in the school want them to be a part of the school. This also is important so that students with different abilities do not feel that they are isolated rather than included. 5.2 Teachers Create an Environment that is Physically and Emotionally Safe Another important aspect is for children to be involved in a classroom where materials are easily accessible and they can be used by all children in the classroom. The design of the classroom materials and the design of the classroom are welcoming and easy for all children to access. Books and materials should be bright and welcoming to children, and they should be at a level in the room where children can reach them easily. Rubenstein and Wilson (2011) add that classrooms must be engaging by providing children with challenges they can work with to create work together. Read (2010) suggests that children can be helpful in desig ning the classroom environment because they understand what they like to see. In a study that the author created it was found that circles and other shapes were more interesting to children than other forms. Teachers must take into consideration how to create the atmosphere that will help students want to learn in the environment. Colors and

FRANCE -RELIGION,FAMILY STUCTURE, AND TRADITIONS OF RELIGION AND Essay

FRANCE -RELIGION,FAMILY STUCTURE, AND TRADITIONS OF RELIGION AND FAMILY - Essay Example It is a nation which has influenced the cultures, movements, religious traditions, and social factors of other nations, especially the countries of Europe. In this presentation, a reflective analysis of the religion, family structure, and traditions of religion and family etc of France is undertaken which helps one in comprehending the culture and communication styles of this specific country in detail. In a profound understanding of the religion in France, it becomes lucid that there are few other nations which have as rich and varied a religious and intellectual life and history as France. It is a country with religious freedom and thought in virtue of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in the year 1789. Though Roman Catholicism is the religion of a majority of French people, it has lost its status as a state religion since the glorious French Revolution in 1789. In fact, France has numerous religions and this country allows its people to follow whatever religion they choose. That is to say, France is a secular country which encourages freedom of thought and religion, including agnosticism and atheism. It is also essential to comprehend that France is a nation with great religious tradition and history and it has been at the forefront in several of the religious movements of the world in general and of the Europe in particular. â€Å"Few nations have as rich and varied a religious and intellectual life and history as France. During the medieval period France was the most populous Christian kingdom, and during the Reformation France continued to be at the forefront of religious ferment. From the seventeenth century to the present this once-Christian nation has been at the forefront of modern science and the development of nonreligious society†¦ What has made the French world of ideas more important recently has been the confrontation between

Funding a new biotechnology firm Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Funding a new biotechnology firm - Assignment Example Initial Public Offering (IPO) is the primary source of fundraising for the public limited companies only. Other sources of funds can be used by sole traders and partnerships. Debentures are special types of loans which are mostly secured. Apart from debentures, the companies can apply for normal types of loans and leases. Government grants can be another option. However, the most famous and used source of fund for the new businesses is the venture capitalists. The venture capitalists are firms which provide the new entrepreneurs with the required initial investment (Soderblom & Wiklund, 2006). According to Lebherz (2010), as middlemen in the financial industry, VC (venture capitalist) obtain funds or finance from the investors and then provide these funds to different entrepreneurs but is only available to the private organisations. The main aim of the VC is to ensure that at exit the overall return is maximised, either by selling of the firm or by IPO and it often use to facilitate the process of internal growth. To a large extent, institutional investor including PE (private equity) is another approach for external finance. However, these entities have prior knowledge for the economic market and often take many precautions before involving money in. POSSIBLE FUNDING OPTIONS FOR THE START UP BIOTECHNOLOGY FIRM: Today, although labelled with ‘fast-growing’, biotech venture is avoided by a number of investors. In order to decide for the funding options for the start up biotechnology firm, it is better to study and explore the market trend in this regard. Different Technology Based Small Firms (TBSF) have been able to achieve growth in the previous three years. Different research studies have shown that the Technology Based Small Firms are usually discouraged... After exploring and analysing the current market situation along with the funding history, it can be concluded that the existing financial and market situation has made it difficult for the start-up business to acquire funds from the external sources and there have been increasing financial gap. Apart from this there is increasing uncertainty among the entrepreneurs about the approval of the applications for funds. All this information and data implies that the new biotechnology firm should first go for internal sources of funds and the group of entrepreneurs should pool in the available money. Then, the remaining funds should be financed through the venture capitalists firms. Venture capitalists firms are ready to facilitate the new innovative business in the process of collecting required funds and finance. Also, these firms ensure a successful exit strategy and provide the entrepreneurs with their valuable insights and opinions. As the venture capital cycle turns bigger and strong er in this way, institutional investors might be tempted in this new venture which beneficial to further growth. In the third stage the biotechnology firms can go for Initial Public Offering.

Analysing The Dowry System Religion Essay

Analysing The Dowry System Religion Essay Dowry or Dahej is the payment in cash or/and kind by the brides family to the bridegroom s family along with the giving away of the bride in Indian marriage. Kanyadanam is an important part of Hindu marital rites. Kanya means daughter, and dana means gift. Dowry originated in upper caste families as the wedding gift to the bride from her family. The dowry was later given to help with marriage expenses and became a form of insurance in the case that her in-laws mistreated her. It continues to be highly institutionalized. The groom often demands a dowry consisting of a large sum of money, farm animals, furniture, and electronics. The practice of dowry abuse is rising in day by day. The most severe in bride burning, the burning of women whose dowry was not considered sufficient by their husband or in-laws. Most of these incidents are reported as accidental burns in the kitchen or are disguised as suicide. It is evident that there exist deep-rooted prejudices alongside women. Cultural practices such as the payment of dowry tend to subordinate women in Indian society. When the dowry amount is not considered sufficient or is not forthcoming, the bride is often harassed, abused and made miserable. This abuse can escalate to the point where the husband or his family does burn the bride, often by hammering kerosene on her and lighting it, usually killing her. A woman is burned to death almost every twelve hours. The number of dowry murders is increasing. In 1988-2209 women were killed in dowry related incidents and in 1990, 4,835 were killed. It is important to repeat that these are official records, which are hugely under reported. According to figures there were a total of 5,377 dowry deaths in 1993, an increase of 12% from 1992. Despite the existence of rigorous laws convictions are rare, and judges are often uninterested and susceptible to bribery. An accurate picture is difficult to obtain, as statistics are varied and contradictory. In 1995, there were about 6,000 dowry deaths. Many of the victims are burnt to death-they are doused in kerosene and set light to. Routinely the in-laws claim that what happened was simply an accident. The kerosene stoves used in many poorer households are dangerous. When evidence of foul play is too obvious to ignore, the story changes to suicide-the wife, it is said, could not adjust to new family life and subsequently killed herself. 2. Introduction The right to life of women in Pakistan is conditional on their obeying social norms and traditions. â‚ ¬Ã‚  Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚   Dowry is given as gift but it becomes violence when it is demanded. Reasonable dowry for a reasonable match was advocated in our male-dominated society in the name of religion and culture, in some cases to deny a girl her share in the inheritance, They said dowry was a form of social security for the girl and more of a burden on the father to the extent that it sometimes made him commit suicide. Dowry is one of those social practices which not educated people would possess up with pride, although many still adhere to this much deplorable practice. Dowry is continued to be given and taken. Even among the educated parts of the society, dowry is continued to make an essential part the negotiations that take place in an arranged marriage. Dowry deaths of a newly married bride are still regularly in the news. Although it may not be possible to determine when and where these practices started, it can be thought that dowry and bride price are subsequent to the organization of monogamy. A search for the origins of dowry would have to move backwards into antiquity afar. This is the same as saying that dowry and bride price came into being after the practice of monogamous marriage had become prevalent. Although the practice of dowry exists in many of the countries, it has been assumed that the quantity of a challenge to the forces of modernity and modify only in sub-continent and the complex in the running of high class of the society. Many reasons are put forward for explaining this practice to compensate it. It is said that a dowry is meant to help the newly-weds to set up their own home with new house hold things. Dowry as we all know is paid in cash or sort by the brides family to the grooms family along with the giving away of the bride. The custom of Kanya-danam is an essential aspect in Hindu marital rites: Kanya = daughter, danam = gift. A reason for the origin of dowry could possibly be that the groom and his family had to take up the onerous liability of supporting the bride for the rest of her life. 2.1 Duties and Rights of Husband and Wife after marriage Allah has informed us about the just rights of each other on us: the wifes rights (with regard to their husbands) are equal to the (husbands) rights with regard to them, although men are a degree above them; and Allah is Almighty, Wise. Quran [2: 228] The statement that men are a degree above than women means that authority within the household has been given to the husband in preference to the wife because a heavier burden has been placed on his shoulders by another verse of the Quran which says: Men shall take full care of women, because Allah has given the one more strength than the other, and because they support them from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient, and guard in (the husbands) absence what Allah would have them guard Quran [4 : 34] 2.2 Marriage as a financial transaction Young married women are particularly vulnerable. By custom they go to live in the house of their husbands family following the wedding. Dowry is just not the end in terms of transaction because the greedy parents of the groom do not end their curse. The wife is often seen as a servant of husbands family, or if she is working outside, as a source of income, but has no extraordinary relationship with the members of her new household and therefore no base of support the family. Some 40% of women are married before the legal age of 18 years. Illiteracy amongst women is very high, in some rural areas up to 63 %. As a result they are isolated and often in no position to assert themselves. Demands for dowry can go on for years. Religious ceremonies and the birth of children often become the occasions for further requests for money or goods. The inability of the brides family to comply with these demands often leads to the daughter-in-law being treated as a pariah and subject to abuse. In the worst cases, wives are simply killed to make way for a new financial transaction-i.e. threat of second marriage marriage. The will to obtain large dowries from the family of daughters-in-law, to demand more in cash, gold and other liquid assets, becomes vivid after leafing through pages of official reports that dutifully record the effects of gratitude, foreclosures, barren plots and cattle dying for lack of fodder. Dowry becomes dreaded payments on demand that go together with and follow the marriage of a daughter. Newspapers are filled with pages of women seeking husbands and men advertising their eligibility and social prowess, usually using their caste as a bargaining chip by telling their status positioning. A successful marriage is often seen by the wifes family as a means to advance up the social ladder. But the catch is that there is a price to be paid in the make a truck of dowry including furnishing of room, split AC, complete furniture of a home, kitchen use things and electronic home appliances etc. If for any reason that dowry preparations cannot be met then it is the young woman who suffers in terms of violence and threats. The price of the groom astronomically enlarged and was based on his qualifications, occupation and earnings. Doctors, charted accountants, lawyers and engineers even prior to graduation widen the marvelous right to expect a fat dowry as they make the most hunted after cream of the graduating and educated dowry association. 3. OBJECTIVE 3.1 Arranged Marriages and Dowry We are all familiar with the story: boy meets girl, boy falls in love with girl, boy and girl gets married. For the preponderance of the western world, this is our ideal of a great beginning to a perfect marriage. It is significant to realize that while Pakistan is much rationalized in some aspects they still keep to the tradition of arranged marriages. Marriages formed out of love love marriages do happen in Pakistan but it is not the part of custom. It is an accepted fact that a persons family will play a role in choosing the marriage partner. It is significant to keep in mind that in Pakistani society an arranged marriage is seen as an act of love. Since marriage is one of the most important decisions a persons life he will ever make and because divorce is not accepted among the most families, it is imperative that the marriage choice is carefully thought out and planned by the head of the family. How can a young person make such an important decision on his/her own? Instead, the family (usually the parents) seeks for certain qualities in a life partner. Some popular traits are looked for in both male and female are: matching levels of education, matching cultures, close parental cities, matching religions, just to name a few of these. Potential brides also come under scrutiny by the boys parents. Since it is a commonly held belief that brides are the personification of that familys honor and pride, the girl must be from good family and have good etiquettes. She should be respectable and have no stain on her name. Now before we make that frown of revulsion. The dowry system has been in practice since before the written record and it has been used by parents in every country imaginable, including USA in older times. The main idea of the dowry system was to provide some kind of security for the bride if something unfortunate occurs with her husband such as death or divorce. As you can possibly imagine, daughters can be exceedingly expensive issue. Today this age can vary from 18-25 though exceptions do apply depending on socio-economic factors in the society. If a good dowry is not made, the girl is unlikely to have a proper match. This again, is typically random. While the dowry system is still in place, it has become more of a bride-price paying system. A proper match for a very poor family for marriage of their daughter into a somehow better financed family or a good match for a middle-income family might be finding a husband that is a doctor or engineer. As you have almost certainly guessed, there are a very few brides who in fact keep hold of their dowry after marriage. A good number practiced form of use of the dowry does not meant to be disgraceful and is far away more sensible for many families. More often than not, the brides dowry gets engrossed into the household for the greater good of the entire family. Not only people who receive dowry but also blame those people who pay dowry. People from poor or middle class families who cannot afford to give dowry to their daughters are either killed, stressed, or are not taken home by their in-laws. Our country shoddily needs girls who daringly stood up against dowry. It should be stopped by us. 4. HISTORY 4.1 Woman can decorate a house better than man Dowry system was introduced in many civilizations after the passage of time in history; this was introduced to share the burden in terms of expenses for settling a new household. In Athens the absence of dowry would call into question the legitimacy of the marriage. Kyrios (Guardian) was required to provide dowry to bride. In ancient Egypt during Pharaohs there was no sign of dowry as woman had right to inherit parents property along with brother. But When Greeks and Roman took control of Egypt signs of dowry began to appear gradually. In Ancient Roman time, it was responsibility of the parents to provide dowry to the bride, which was to be managed by her husband after the marriage. 8th century BC pre-Roman Hammurabi code of conduct parents was responsible for giving dowry to daughters. Rather Mother-in-laws role has more importance in creating this situation, mother-in-law had also gone through wives position in her past time and same wife, today being tortured, will repeat the same with future sons of wife. What the sense seems as there is a woman psychology behind this Mother-in-law has unmarried daughter to be married away. An ego-clash for manage (one is on the queens seat and the other to invade queen seat) in the house or change in sons attitude after new womans arrival thus two women (two grinding stones) and son in between two (grain) is ready to be flour. unfortunately, hate of wife and mother-in-law is all over the place in the world. 4.2 Background Reasons Originally, the purpose of a dowry was to provide seed money or property for the establishment of a new household as the beginning of the new life, to help a husband feed and protect his wife, and to give the wife and children some support if he were to die. This property was beyond the dowry (Greek: parapherna, the root of paraphernalia) and was known as paraphernal property or extra-dotal property. One of the basic functions of a dowry has been to serve as a form of defense for the wife against the possibility of ill treatment by her husband and his family. In other words, the dowry provides an incentive to the husband not to harm his wife. A husband thus had certain property rights in his wifes dowry. In addition, the wife might bring to the marriage property of her own, which was not included in the dowry and which was, as a result, she is alone responsible. 4.2.1 European History of Dowry Dowry was widely practiced in Europe before the European revolution. In Homeric times, the usual Greek practice was to pay an amount as bride price. Ancient Romans also practiced dowry, though Tacitus notes that the Germanic tribes practiced the reverse custom of the dower. Dowries were exchanged in the later classical time (5th century BC). One common penalty for the kidnapping of an unmarried woman was that the abductor or rapist had to provide the womans dowry. Until the late 20th century this was sometimes called wreath money, or the breach of promise. The Domostroy, a Russian advice book of the sixteenth century, includes advice to set aside property for purposes of a dowry so that a women can also get equal rights in property, and use it accumulate linens, clothings, and other things for it, rather than have to suddenly buy it all for the wedding; if the daughter should happen to die, the dowry should be used to give alms and for prayers for her soul, although some might be set aside for other daughters. In some areas of Europe, most recallable Eastern Europe, land dowries were very common. It was commonly given with the condition that he will take the surname of his bride, in order to continue the family name. 4.2.2 Asian History of Dowry Dowry is a common practice in many Asian countries, including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and many others. In India, where incidents of bride burning and dowry death acquired notoriety, the payment of a dowry has been prohibited under. Then 1961 Dowry Prohibition Act in Indian civil law and subsequently by Sections 304B and 498a of the Indian Penal Code (IPC). Electronic items like refrigerators, television and washing machines are given by the brides parents as part of a ceremony along with clothes, jewelry, shoes and many other accessories. In recent years there supposedly has been a rise in dowry deaths even when law enforcing organizations claim that the situation is under control where as situation shows vice versa. 4.3 The curse of Material The practice of dowry is prevalent in India since olden times like centuries ago. The custom first started in Vaishya community of Hindu society but later all other communities in the Hindu society adopted this practice rapidly. Later, this practice spread into the Muslim society in places where Muslims lived as traders and not as rulers with Hindus in joint India. The evil practice of dowry has turned the blessed relationship of marriage into a profitable relationship which makes the life of chaste girls and their parents a hell, giving rise to suicide, corruption and moral degradation. The difficulty of dowry is directly connected to Muslims economic, social, educational and religious life. One of the reasons of these social evils is lack of knowledge and refusal with Islamic teachings and practices are not being implemented. Hundreds and thousands of educated and well mannered Muslim girls are leading unmarried lives or believe in late marriages. In a society where this is the case with unmarried girls, who will bother about the marriage of widows and divorcees? The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) and his companions have set many practical examples for their followers by marrying widows and divorcees. Young Muslim girls have to lead unmarried life because of financial difficulties of their parents or because of the non-availability of appropriate matches and if matches are available then demands are very much high. 4.4 Displaying wealth at marriage ceremonies Some of us have faithfully held onto the familiar theme of over-spending at our marriages and its related ceremonies only to cite the example of how insensitive can be the richer sections of this society to avoid an over and improper display of wealth and prosperity. In the society like ours, this display could easily be regarded as a kind of crime or social disparity, argue some discriminating citizens who have been even candidly protesting about this extravagant and shameful side of our lives. They do not believe in simplicity, modesty and moderation. They do not understand that in their pretentious style of celebrating marriage ceremonies, or even birthday parties and anniversaries and other such occasions, they set poor examples for a Muslim society, and make the lesser privileged sections of society feel wretched. Lets see what has been suggested by Law and Justice Commission: The relevant laws about marriage ceremonies, including the serving of lavish meals, decorations, aerial firing, cracking of explosives, and exhibition of dowry, should be appropriately amended to provide serving of a single dish to a limited number of guests, not exceeding 300, in the valima and baraat functions. It makes one think of the magical number of 300, and how a manipulation of such numbers can and does occur in our system. A person would like to state the challenges that are arisen, and the new complex, depressing contexts that have been created in the field of arranged marriages specially. Why dont we get example of simplicity from the role modal of all the Muslims through out the world Holy Prophet P.B.U.H that how he spent his life, how did he arrange marriage ceremony of his beloved daughter Hazrat Fatima R.A.? One is harshly referring to the financial side of the picture. For example, how the bride or groom with the green card or the immigrant status in the West is a valued customer in the business of marriage bureaus, and varied match-makers. Certainly, marriage bureaus are a flourishing lot these days. Even the trend of online marriages has been in widely practice now! 5. ANALYSIS OF DATA 5.1 From Cradle to Grave Along with cash and gold, the dowry includes cars, televisions, refrigerators and a house no matters whether or not the grooms family already having them is immaterial. And if the groom has a Government job, the dowry would include the bribe for a good posting at the desirable station. In 1999, their number was 3,886, 3,739 in 2000 and 3,191 in 2001. Some cases ended in suicide accidental death in police parlance but not at all. Taking into account 1,774 suicide cases in 1999, which came down to 1,632 in 2001, and 3,378 accidental deaths in 1999, which declined to 2,750 in 2001, it is clear that the problem of dowry continues to trouble women. And it is certainly no coincidence that nearly 80 per cent of the suicide cases and accidental deaths occurred in kitchens and the daughters-in-law were the only victims. Education and prosperity have only increased the practice of dowry. And prosperity has given rise to demands for costlier things. In fact, affluence is responsible for the system, she argues. All rich land-lords started the practice of giving riches to their daughters during marriage which slowly became a tradition among all of the society. Dowry system seems to be common amongst a section of Muslims too, though in the Shariah it is prohibited. The better the grooms educational qualifications, the higher the demand is the dowry to make up for the expense incurred on his education. They prefer to call it voluntary aid from the brides family though. They name it the happiness of brides parents. Though, among tribes, the dowry system works in the overturn direction the grooms family pays out money. 5.2 Dowry- main cause of domestic violence: Due to not giving Dowry to bride by her parents there has been a increase in death. Three examples are given here which are most likely to those which we read almost daily news papers: Young housewife burnt alive for dowry by his husband Woman ends life due to dowry harassment Woman killed for seeking dowry The giving or receiving of dowry usually money or gifts to is illegal. But the practice remains widespread in both rural and urban India with cases of women being tortured and even burned to death by their husbands and in-laws. 5. 3 Worst Drawbacks Dowry refers to a marriage practice in our society where gifts of cash or other valuable items are exchanged between the families of the bride groom. Dowry is paid in the form of cash, furniture, jewelry, property etc and it is paid before or during the marriage ceremony, sometime after marriage. The custom of giving Dory has changed it is now more essential part in good marriage and has taken a harmful form. This is a social practice carried out both in urban and rural areas in different manner according to the expectation. Violences related to Dowry Rape beating Acid throwing Female infanticide Forced suicide Homicide (as bride burring) According to researchers that dowry is the common cause to rise the domestic violence. Laws Implementation Strategies against Dowry Violence 6. Dowry and Islam Most of the marriages are arranged in the South Asian countries like Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. There are lots of rules and regulations before and after marriages, especially in Malabar area. As for the arranged marriages, the initial step is arranging a broker to find out appropriate bride or groom. After the completion of this procedure the broker would play as an intermediary between the two parties. Next step is prenuptial investigation. Both parties would investigate each other (via relatives or neighbors) about the family back ground, lineage and financial status. If both parties are satisfied with the investigation, the next step would take place. If the boy and girl liked each other, the final step prior to the confirmation would take place. Dowryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Eh..thats it..Dowry. Lets take a look upon the common people. How they manage to make a large amount (as for them) for dowry? They take severe struggles to give their daughters to appropriate grooms. Many poor families even tend to suicide due to this compulsory system if they have more than one girls to be married. Most of the divorces in India take place on account of dowry. After marriage some sisters would encounter severe harassments from husband or his family in terms of dowry. In this case, the wife can complaint against everyone whoever participated in this torture. As per the Indian Penal Code 498 A, the accused would be prosecuted with fine. Although the dowry makes many problems, the political parties and feminist organizations are keeping silence. Actually they dont raise their voice sincerely against the dowry system. They would only try to solve the individual problems. Plenty of dowry based marriages are going on with Malabar Muslims. Actually I dont know in which era this system crept int o Indian Muslims. One who knows Islam and Quran will never support this kind of system which is contrary to Islamic law and culture. Allah apparently explained about dowry via Quran. Dowry is privilege of women (not men). She deserves it out of her husband on marriage. And give to the women (whom you marry) their Mahr (Obligatory bridal money given by the husband to his wife at the time of marriage) with a good heart [Al Nisaa 4:4] But if you replace a wife by another and you have given one of them a cantar (of gold i.e. a great amount) as Mahr, take not the least bit of it back; would you take it wrong fully without a right and (with) a manifest sin? And how could you take it (back) when you have gone in unto each other, and they have taken from you a firm and strong covenant? [Al Nisaa 4:20-21] Explanation: If any one of you wants to divorce his wife and replace her with another, you should not take anything from what you have already given the first wife, even it was a huge amount of wealth. The Mahr is given in exchange for the right to enjoy marital relations (Explained by Ibn Katheer). Its obvious out of the above verses that women hold a prominent status in Islam. Dowry should be given to her on marriage. Its her right. But people follow just opposite irrespective to these verses. Islam lets men to accept any gifts from bride or her family. But this gift should not be dowry or upon any persuasions. He can only accept this gift if they are providing it based on their own will. But people misinterpret it (deliberately) and consider it as a compulsory dowry system. In fact men undervalue the right of women. After receiving a huge amount as dowry from girls family, he gives a bit from it to her as Mahr. 7. Conclusion: Best education is the best dowry. Parents are advised to educate daughters the best as the time has changed and it is time that education has more value in the employment market and fields have been opened for women to become entrepreneurs. Amount of dowry may be invested for her secured future. Girls parents should help reporting Governments or related authorities about the dowry demand by groom parents. Marriage with such boys should be discouraged as demand of excessive dowry means they do not want girl but money this would result to extortion after marriage by torture. Besides are arresting blacklisting in communities of dowry extorters most basics. Will help not only to deject, will also help other girl parents to keep away from such people. Our younger generation should come forward to rectify this trend and reform the society. They should set an example by neither demanding nor offering dowry. Those who demand dowry should be persuaded by explaining to them religious and Quranic commands. If they still persist in their evil demands, they should be socially boycotted and the matter reported to the police. Demanding dowry is a legal offence also. Anti-dowry committees should be set up. This will bring positive results for the unmarried daughters of the poor. These steps are in accordance with the commands of God and His Prophet. These will create a good society free of evil. Unless the younger generations volunteer for such noble tasks, no reformatory projects can succeed. 8. Suggestions Dowry is considered as an illegal act and giving and taking dowry are panelized. Even it is in practice in rural and urban areas in different ways. Government should pass Dowry Prohibition rule Violence against Women and Children. Both government and NGOs should work together to fight dowry problem and the steps they should take against dowry are: Activities against Dowry Creating awareness Educating women about the legal right Providing legal assistance Empowering women Campaigns against dowry

Essay --

Income inequality can be defined as the difference of distribution of assets, wealth, and income between the populations. The term income inequality refers to the inequality among persons within a society. The topic is commonly debated, and the liberties and rights of people are often brought into the debate being made. In America, it has been said that â€Å"The 400 richest people in the United States have more wealth than the bottom 150 million put together† leading the reader to believe there is a huge inequality problem that is only growing wider. There is no doubt that the income gap in America is growing, with the middle class taking home 9% less than they had in 1999, but I feel that the government does not have the obligation to lessen the gap between rich and poor. There is no doubt that the economic ladder is growing farther and farther apart and the rungs of this ladder are becoming harder and harder to climb, however, the government does not hold the obligation to lessen the gap. The UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that equality and liberty will be protected...

Eva Duarte de Peron Essay

Eva Duarte de Peron started her life in Los Toldos in Buenos Aires. She was born on May 7 1919. Her father spent some time in high position in the political ladder where he was able to acquire great wealth. Her father died through a road accident in 1926 leading to the family to lead a poor life. At this moment, Eva was still in primary school. As she grew older, she took much of her life thinking on what she would do in her life. She was active in local theaters and spent much of her young life as an actor. She also engaged in poetry where she would right poems and perform recitations. She had the vision that her calling was in the public eye and therefore she refused to be just a small town girl. She collaborated with Tango singer Augustin Magadi whom she went with to the city of Buenos Aires where she started her life as an actress. She arrived in Buenos Aires in the3 1930’s. By 1945, she had already become a star in acting. She was heard in numerous radio shows and appeared in many plays. She joined a company of Armado Disepolo who was one of the best directors at that time. In 1943, she joined a radio station known as Radio Belgrano in 1943 where she started a series where she continued until 1945. It is at this time when the political climate had started growing hot because the elections were near (Del Testa   & Lemoine   pg 144-146). Eva got in a relationship with Juan Peron who was the chair of National department of labor. They faced some hardships at the beginning of their relationship. In 1945, Peron was asked to leave his office. This enhanced Eva to start questing for power when she realized that Peron was out of power. This motivated her to pull off her ideas. She was able to influence others by making her own personal appeals to the workers and military. She asked for favour of all the people on the basis on their personal loyalty to Juan Peron. This shows one of the qualities of leadership which she showed because this was an effective tactic by requesting people to do something that is not necessary for them to do (Gunson   & Chamberlain pg 221-222). This is a tactic, which Eva used in the rest of her political life. Eva accompanied her husband in his campaign trails where at each campaign she greeted people and introduced her husband to give speech. In 1946, Peron won the elections with a landslide and became the 29th president of Argentina. The determinant of Eva to gain what she wanted us seen in whole of her life. She worked tirelessly to make her husband gain the power that he aspired. She was able to set goals, which were achievable throughout her political career. This began when she was taken to labor secretariat where she was supposed to develop a labor policy for women (Adams pg 16). Despite the opposition that she got from men who thought that women were not supposed to hold such powerful positions, she was able to accomplish all, what was required of her in her position. The opposition did not deter her from doing what was expected of her (Chasteen & Wood pg 214-215). She was a charismatic leader who showed evident strong need for power. She would work long hours during the day and during the night so that she would get her work done. She also used to gain influence and impress her followers with furs and expensive clothes and jewellery. After years of fighting for women rights and freedom in Argentina, a law was passed in 1947, which gave women the right to equal suffrage. Eva worked with legislators, women who gathered in the civic centers, delegates who would come to see her and used the media to advertise the cause of equal suffrage to women. Her persistence and commitments was clear, as she would broadcast personal messages to all women urging them to join the fight for human rights. She possessed practical intelligence which helped her to network her ideas and which led to success. It is during this time that women in Argentina started seeing Eva as their spokesperson (Lewis pg 195-196). This is because she would motivate them and also encouraged and pushed them to go as far as they could in their lives. Women movements acted as good stepping stone for Eva. She attained the position of the president of the Peronista Women’s Party. As a result of her leadership skills throughout the fight for women suffrage, women put their loyalty in her. They put trust on her to make the right political decisions on their behalf. This lead to women to vote for Peron in the 1951 election as a show of allegiance to Eva because of her good leadership. It is believed that it is Eva’s constant workings with the descamisados or the shirtless ones that gave Peron the much political power that he enjoyed. Eva was able to make Eva Peron Foundation, which was established in 1948 to stand until 1955 when the military dismantled it. (Aufderheide   pg 159). Another characteristic that made Eva be a good leader is that she was able to articulate her goals, which had deep roots in the mind of her followers and in their hearts. She led the jobless, the laborers and the jobless. She was able to tell them what they wanted to hear and supplied them with what they needed in order to live. She was able to connect what she told the people with her upbringing. She used herself as an example of what they could be because herself she came from a humble background to attain the position that she held. She gave people of Argentina hope and self confidence in their lives. This shows the kind of charismatic leader she was which helped people to be loyal to her. Eva had a social exchange with Argentinean’s people. She provided them with hospitals, schools and houses. As a result of these connections, they gave her their everlasting loyalty. One of her greatest achievement was the construction of a huge housing project known as Eva city. (Chasteen & Wood pg 214-215). It consisted of four thousand homes where many people lived. This enhanced the connection that she had with the people. Eva made also of self sacrifices by working long hours and she showed total dedication to her work. She would take breaks to go to benefits and to attend functions, which were established by the workers. This loyalty and dedication made people have so much love for her. She sent personal funds to Italy to assist the poor people in Italy. It is this characteristic that people liked in Eva because they were able to see the more personal side of the leader and see the devotion she had to their cause by sacrificing her personal resources. Eva had great amount of surgency in her work. She was very dynamic, exuded self confidence and never showed any signs of staggering. She wanted people to look at her for help and she wanted them to see her as their savior. She showed dominance in political matters and her extrovert character in 1947 when she addressed six hundred women. It is here where she insisted her name to become the battle cry for women allover the world. She was very courageous in his persistence for women to be given the same rights as men especially when the issue of women suffrage was a hot topic in Argentina (Spengler   pg 27-30). She was also an expert in matters of social welfare. She received also of praise from other countries for the social services that she offered. She received the medal and ribbon of the Legion of Honor by the French government. This made her to be elected as a knight to French government. She also received the Great Cross of Isabel the Catholic that is the highest decoration in Spain. Her transformational leadership led the country to become New Argentina. She assisted in reduction of joblessness, hunger and poverty among the people. Her vision of creating a new society for her and the people realty (Lewis   pg 195-196).   As a result of the connection that she had with her followers, she was able to target what was most great importance to the masses by taking an active role in every project. Eva will remain to be remembered in Argentina and in all parts of the world because of her leadership during her times. This is because of all the contribution that she made in the society despite the criticisms that were directed towards her because she was a lady. However, she will be remembered for proving her critics wrong and proving that women can also be leaders just like men (Chasteen & Wood pg 214-215). Work cited Adams Jerome. Liberators, Patriots, and Leaders of Latin America, 2nd edition, New York, McFarland & Co., 2010. Aufderheide Arthur .The scientific study of mummies, New York Cambridge University Press 2003. Chasteen John & Wood James. Problems in modern Latin American history: sources and interpretations: completely revised and updated, Lanham, Rowman & Littlefield, 2004. Del Testa David & Lemoine Florence. Government leaders, military rulers, and political activists, New York, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001. Gunson Phil & Chamberlain Greg .The dictionary of contemporary politics of South America, 1st edition, New York, Routledge, 1989. Lewis Daniel .The history of Argentina, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. Shafik Aasef .Global Peace Lovers,1st edition, Bloomington, Author House, 2009. Spengler Kremena. Eva Peron: First Lady of the People, 1st edition, Minnesota,

Analytical Essay Sample on Harry Potter

Analytical Essay Sample on Harry Potter Many children around the world can proudly say that the popular Harry Potter series are the best books that they have ever read. However, because of the recent controversy from some parents and several Christians, children might not have the chance to read or watch Harry Potter. They believe that it teaches witchcraft, which is extremely absurd. Harry Potter does not teach witchcraft, it actually gives children characters to relate to and learn from, it expands their imagination, and it helps them to read more. J.K. Rowlings characters are realistic and many children can understand and learn from them. The main character, Harry Potter, illustrates to the reader how anyone can be a hero without the significance of his or her appearance. Although Harry is physically small and scrawny, he is able to defeat the all-powerful enemy, Voldemort. He is capable of doing this because he believes in himself and has bravery. Harry shows bravery not just in his dangerous adventures, but when he stands up to bullies, which is a major problem to most kids during that age. Children can learn a great deal from Harry because he is an extraordinary hero that is identical to their age. In addition, numerous kids today know the experience of growing up without parents. Orphans know of the jealousy that Harry feels towards Ron and his enormous family. Harry is also an orphan and many foster children can have a character that they can relate and comprehend. His best friend Ron is also another character that many c an associate to. Ron comes from a family with financial problems and he is always left with hand-me-downs from his older brothers, which causes him to be a laughing stock at school. Several children in this world are familiar with this experience and through Ron, they can see that they are not alone. Ron also helps children with economic difficulties to learn that family is much more important than material needs. Hermoine completes the circle of the three best friends. Her special trait is her knowledge and her willingness to learn. Her character is one that everyone knows as the nerd. HermioneÐ ±Ã ¿s role proves how important knowledge can be and especially useful in hard times. She also shows that there is nothing bizarre about wanting to learn. Her motivation and the way she uses her knowledge is so powerful that she can inspire others to go out to educate themselves. These characters resemble the people that one sees in everyday life. They offer children familiar experiences and many beneficial morals. During the early years of ones life is when one has the broadest imagination. Harry Potter helps expand that imagination even greater. Even though Harry Potter has witches and warlocks doing witchcraft, it is all just fantasy and is like any other fantasy movie or book, except better. Things like a three-headed dog, a flying broomstick, and an invisibility cloak allows the reader to leave the reality world and go into a different world of their own. During the peak time of the Harry Potter booksÐ ±Ã ¿ popularity, a mother decided to read the series to her six-year old daughter who was going through cancer. The child, named Catie Hoch, fell in love with the books and became a huge fan. This is probably because of the storyÐ ±Ã ¿s magic and how it lets oneÐ ±Ã ¿s mind go off into fantasy. There is no doubt that the books gave happiness to this little girl during the hardest point of her short-lived life. J.K. Rowling actually got in contact with Catie and even got to read to her from her fourth book, which at that time was not yet released to the public. Sadly, however, she died before Rowling could finish reading the book to her. It is stories like these that the anti-supporters of the Harry Potter books should know about. Lastly, in a period where technology rules the earth, it is difficult for children to get their eyes off the TV. Reading Harry Potter was more fun than watching TV or playing video games (Kwon). If a child would prefer to read a book then watch TV, then the book must be very well written and extremely interesting, Harry Potter is just that. Although there are now Harry Potter movies, many can say that they have read the book and the book was even better than the movie(Kwon). By having children read rather than watching TV, it can help them to be better readers and writers which will help them in the future, while watching TV will just make them obese and lethargic. On the other hand, many believe that the Harry Potter books do nothing but show people how to do witchcraft. One pastor claimed, The books are going to destroy the lives of young people (Locals’). The churchÐ ±Ã ¿s Herculean opposition is nonsense. In December 2001, the Harry Potter series were among the books burned in a churchs holy bonfire. Many Christians explain: God says in Deuteronomy that witchcraft is an abomination† (Gibbs’). Although they are right about Gods saying on witchcraft, Harry Potter was not written to teach people to be witches and warlocks. Its main point is to entertain people. The author of the books said almost sarcastically: I have met thousands of children and not even one time has a child come up to me and said: Ms Rowling, Im so glad IÐ ±Ã ¿ve read these books because now I want to be a witch (Potter). One can tell that she is not serious about this topic, so why should we even be arguing over this ludicrous issue? Why can we not let children read books that they love and enjoy? Although some churches and priests are strongly against Harry Potter and tell people not to read it, it can actually be a good sermon topic. A conservative Vanguard Church in Colorado with 1,100 members actually used Harry Potter to teach Sunday school for the children. The teachers were dressed as wizards, and the church was entirely decorated, with darkened rooms and glow-in-the-dark props (Gibbs). They had the children put on the Sorting Hat that decides the fate of the young wizards in the book. The children were all put in the Slytherin House, the house of evil Voldemort; the way out, they were taught, could only come from following what God teaches (Gibbs). If other churches were more lenient and understanding, they would see, how using Harry Potter can be a beneficial way to learn. In conclusion, Harry Potter books do not teach people witchcraft and they do not encourage them to become witches or warlocks. The books actually give characters for children to learn and relate to, expand their imagination, and allow them to read more. If one could just try to be more considerate, they can enjoy and actually learn a few things from the books.